{"id":200847,"date":"2026-03-13T18:11:13","date_gmt":"2026-03-13T17:11:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/odigo.com\/?post_type=entretien&p=200847"},"modified":"2026-05-19T14:43:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T13:43:22","slug":"alain-bernard","status":"publish","type":"entretien","link":"https:\/\/odigo.com\/fr\/blog\/entretien\/alain-bernard\/","title":{"rendered":"Alain Bernard, fondateur d’Odigo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u00ab Nous\u00a0avons\u00a0invent\u00e9\u00a0le\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique. Le\u00a0reste\u00a0a\u00a0suivi. \u00bb<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quarante\u00a0ans.\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0le chemin\u00a0parcouru\u00a0par\u00a0Odigo, de\u00a0ses\u00a0origines\u00a0dans les\u00a0kiosques\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques\u00a0des\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a01980\u00a0jusqu\u2019aux\u00a0plateformes\u00a0de relation client\u00a0aliment\u00e9es\u00a0par\u00a0l\u2019intelligence\u00a0artificielle\u00a0d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui. Alain Bernard, son\u00a0fondateur,\u00a0revient\u00a0sur\u00a0cette\u00a0aventure\u00a0hors-norme\u00a0:\u00a0une\u00a0saga\u00a0entrepreneuriale\u00a0qui commence sur le tarmac de\u00a0l\u2019a\u00e9roport\u00a0de\u00a0Lannion, traverse\u00a0l\u2019\u00e8re\u00a0du Minitel et du\u00a0kiosque\u00a036,\u00a0survit\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0un LBO\u00a0et\u00a0une\u00a0introduction\u00a0en\u00a0bourse, pour\u00a0aboutir\u00a0\u00e0 la naissance\u00a0d\u2019Odigo. Rencontre avec un\u00a0pionnier\u00a0des\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9coms\u00a0fran\u00e7ais.<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Des avions aux\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9coms\u00a0: un\u00a0itin\u00e9raire\u00a0inattendu\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Tout commence loin des serveurs vocaux et des centres d\u2019appels. Alain Bernard est ing\u00e9nieur de l\u2019armement, sorti de\u00a0Sup\u2019A\u00e9ro,\u00a0avant d\u2019att\u00e9rir\u00a0\u2013 presque par hasard\u00a0\u2013 dans les t\u00e9l\u00e9communications militaires. C\u2019est en travaillant sur le programme RITA \u2013 R\u00e9seau Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 de Transmission Automatique, un syst\u00e8me de communication militaire lanc\u00e9 en 1961 et finalement achet\u00e9 par les Am\u00e9ricains en 1985 \u2013 qu\u2019il fait ses premi\u00e8res armes dans les t\u00e9l\u00e9coms.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Le Rita\u00a0m\u2019a\u00a0appris\u00a0deux\u00a0choses :\u00a0qu\u2019il\u00a0faut de la patience \u2013\u00a0soixante\u00a0et un \u00e0 quatre-vingt-cinq,\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0quand\u00a0m\u00eame\u00a0vingt-quatre\u00a0ans\u00a0\u2013 et\u00a0que\u00a0m\u00eame\u00a0les\u00a0Am\u00e9ricains\u00a0peuvent\u00a0acheter\u00a0un\u00a0syst\u00e8me\u00a0d\u2019armes\u00a0\u00e0 des Fran\u00e7ais. \u00bb<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1976, il rejoint la Direction des Affaires\u00a0Industrielles\u00a0des\u00a0T\u00e9l\u00e9coms,\u00a0cr\u00e9\u00e9e\u00a0pour\u00a0arbitrer\u00a0entre\u00a0l\u2019autorit\u00e9\u00a0du CNET \u2013\u00a0bas\u00e9\u00a0\u00e0 Issy-les-Moulineaux\u00a0et \u00e0\u00a0Lannion\u00a0\u2013 et\u00a0celle\u00a0du Directeur\u00a0g\u00e9n\u00e9ral. La France est\u00a0alors\u00a0en\u00a0plein\u00a0rattrapage\u00a0du \u00ab Plan\u00a0T\u00e9l\u00e9phone\u00a0\u00bb :\u00a0la\u00a0moiti\u00e9\u00a0du pays\u00a0attendait\u00a0encore\u00a0une\u00a0ligne.\u00a0L\u2019enjeu\u00a0bascule\u00a0rapidement\u00a0:\u00a0une\u00a0fois\u00a0les\u00a0lignes\u00a0tir\u00e9es,\u00a0que\u00a0va-t-on faire de tout\u00a0ce\u00a0r\u00e9seau ?\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0cette\u00a0question qui\u00a0va\u00a0mettre\u00a0Alain Bernard sur la route du\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Minitel, CB et\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9conviviabilit\u00e9\u00a0: les\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a0d\u2019exp\u00e9rimentation\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Avant le\u00a0kiosque\u00a0vocal, il y a toute\u00a0une\u00a0histoire\u00a0d\u2019exp\u00e9rimentations. Alain Bernard est au\u00a0c\u0153ur\u00a0de la\u00a0bataille\u00a0du\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9texte\u00a0\u2013 Antiope\u00a0c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0TDF\u00a0contre\u00a0TIC TAC\u00a0c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0T\u00e9l\u00e9coms\u00a0\u2013 et\u00a0participe\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0l\u2019exp\u00e9rience\u00a0de V\u00e9lizy, qui\u00a0donnera\u00a0naissance au Minitel. Il contribue \u00e0 la\u00a0r\u00e9flexion sur la tarification dissym\u00e9trique : faire payer\u00a0plus cher\u00a0l\u2019appelant,\u00a0reverser une part \u00e0\u00a0celui\u00a0qui re\u00e7oit l\u2019appel\u00a0parce que \u00ab \u00e7a\u00a0le d\u00e9range \u00bb. Une\u00a0intuition pr\u00e9coce\u00a0de ce que sera\u00a0le mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique\u00a0du kiosque.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il y\u00a0a\u00a0aussi\u00a0la\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9conviviabilit\u00e9\u00a0\u2013\u00a0r\u00e9ponse\u00a0aux r\u00e9seaux CB qui\u00a0prolif\u00e9raient\u00a0ill\u00e9galement.\u00a0L\u2019id\u00e9e\u00a0:\u00a0offrir\u00a0une\u00a0conf\u00e9rence\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique\u00a0l\u00e9gale,\u00a0tax\u00e9e, accessible \u00e0\u00a0tous. Le premier service est\u00a0ouvert\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0Florac,\u00a0avec\u00a0une\u00a0taxe\u00a0toutes\u00a0les\u00a05 minutes. \u00ab On a\u00a0eu\u00a0un article dans La Vie catholique \u00bb, se\u00a0souvient-il avec amusement. Quand le service\u00a0s\u2019ouvre\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0Montpellier\u00a0puis\u00a0au grand\u00a0public,\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0un\u00a0autre\u00a0journal qui\u00a0couvre\u00a0l\u2019affaire\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Actuel\u00a0\u2013 et le ton change\u00a0radicalement. La\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie\u00a0anonyme et\u00a0surtax\u00e9e\u00a0venait\u00a0d\u2019inventer\u00a0le\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\u00a0rose.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le tarmac\u00a0de :\u00a0la\u00a0sc\u00e8ne\u00a0fondatrice\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Il y a des moments qui\u00a0changent\u00a0le\u00a0cours\u00a0d\u2019une\u00a0vie. Pour Alain Bernard,\u00a0ce\u00a0moment a lieu sur le tarmac de\u00a0l\u2019a\u00e9roport\u00a0de\u00a0Lannion, au\u00a0d\u00e9but\u00a0des\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a01980.\u00a0L\u2019avion\u00a0vient\u00a0d\u2019atterrir, la\u00a0d\u00e9l\u00e9gation\u00a0descend. Le\u00a0directeur\u00a0g\u00e9n\u00e9ral\u00a0Jacques Dondoux \u2013 qui\u00a0avait\u00a0remplac\u00e9\u00a0Thierry \u00e0 la t\u00eate de la DGT \u2013\u00a0s\u2019adresse\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0ses\u00a0ing\u00e9nieurs.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Le\u00a0directeur\u00a0g\u00e9n\u00e9ral\u00a0dit\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0ses\u00a0ing\u00e9nieurs\u00a0qui\u00a0lui\u00a0demandaient\u00a0des\u00a0cr\u00e9dits\u00a0pour\u00a0leur\u00a0centre\u00a0de\u00a0recherche :\u00a0\u2018Je vous\u00a0paye\u00a0tous\u00a0vos\u00a0jouets\u00a0pour\u00a0d\u00e9velopper\u00a0le\u00a0trafic.\u2019 Et\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0o\u00f9\u00a0l\u2019id\u00e9e\u00a0est\u00a0n\u00e9e :\u00a0reverser\u00a0une\u00a0partie\u00a0de la\u00a0taxe\u00a0\u00e0 la dur\u00e9e \u00e0\u00a0celui\u00a0qui\u00a0cr\u00e9e\u00a0le\u00a0contenu, qui\u00a0cr\u00e9e\u00a0le\u00a0trafic. \u00bb<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce\u00a0principe\u00a0\u2013\u00a0facturer\u00a0plus\u00a0cher\u00a0l\u2019appelant, reverser\u00a0une\u00a0part au\u00a0cr\u00e9ateur\u00a0de\u00a0contenu\u00a0\u2013 est la\u00a0matrice\u00a0du\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique.\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0Fran\u00e7ois HENROT,\u00a0directeur\u00a0commercial de\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9poque, qui\u00a0lui\u00a0donnera\u00a0son nom par\u00a0analogie\u00a0avec le\u00a0kiosque\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0journaux\u00a0: le client\u00a0paie, le\u00a0marchand\u00a0est\u00a0r\u00e9mun\u00e9r\u00e9. Simple,\u00a0\u00e9l\u00e9gant,\u00a0r\u00e9volutionnaire\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1984\u20131986 :\u00a0TMS,\u00a0Geny\u00a0Courses et\u00a0l\u2019invention\u00a0d\u2019un\u00a0march\u00e9\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En 1984, Alain Bernard lance\u00a0Geny\u00a0Courses \u2013 un service\u00a0d\u2019information\u00a0vocale\u00a0sur les courses\u00a0hippiques. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0d\u2019exploitation\u00a0s\u2019appelle\u00a0TMS, pour T\u00e9l\u00e9\u00a0Micro Services (TMS). Le\u00a0concept est\u00a0simple :\u00a0l\u2019abonn\u00e9\u00a0compose un\u00a0num\u00e9ro\u00a0surtax\u00e9,\u00a0\u00e9coute\u00a0les\u00a0informations\u00a0sur les courses. Les\u00a0revenus\u00a0sont\u00a0partag\u00e9s\u00a0entre\u00a0l\u2019op\u00e9rateur\u00a0et\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9diteur\u00a0du service.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le\u00a0march\u00e9\u00a0d\u00e9colle\u00a0tr\u00e8s\u00a0vite. En\u00a0mai\u00a01986, le chiffre d\u2019affaires\u00a0mensuel\u00a0du\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique\u00a0en\u00a0r\u00e9gion\u00a0parisienne\u00a0atteint\u00a0d\u00e9j\u00e0 3,6\u00a0millions\u00a0de francs, pour 4,7\u00a0millions\u00a0d\u2019appels\u00a0factur\u00e9s. TMS\u00a0repr\u00e9sente\u00a0alors\u00a0plus de la\u00a0moiti\u00e9\u00a0d\u2019un\u00a0march\u00e9\u00a0que\u00a0la DGT\u00a0s\u2019appr\u00eate\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0lib\u00e9raliser\u00a0compl\u00e8tement\u00a0:\u00a0l\u2019\u00c9tat\u00a0exploitait\u00a0jusqu\u2019alors\u00a0le\u00a0syst\u00e8me\u00a0via\u00a0sa\u00a0filiale,\u00a0puis\u00a0d\u00e9cide\u00a0de\u00a0s\u2019en\u00a0retirer\u00a0pour ne pas\u00a0\u00eatre\u00a0tenu\u00a0responsable\u00a0du\u00a0contenu.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u2019autres\u00a0services\u00a0suivent\u00a0rapidement\u00a0:\u00a0informations\u00a0boursi\u00e8res,\u00a0m\u00e9t\u00e9o,\u00a0actualit\u00e9s\u00a0sportives,\u00a0messageries\u00a0conviviales. Les Fran\u00e7ais\u00a0viennent\u00a0de\u00a0d\u00e9couvrir\u00a0qu\u2019ils\u00a0peuvent\u00a0payer pour\u00a0\u00e9couter\u00a0une\u00a0voix au\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phone. Mais\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0le service \u00ab P\u00e8re No\u00ebl \u00bb qui\u00a0reste\u00a0dans les\u00a0m\u00e9moires\u00a0comme\u00a0le premier test de\u00a0scalabilit\u00e9\u00a0\u00e0 grande\u00a0\u00e9chelle\u00a0: des millions\u00a0d\u2019enfants\u00a0appellent, le volume est\u00a0vertigineux.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab On a\u00a0eu\u00a0jusqu\u2019\u00e0\u00a0dix\u00a0millions\u00a0d\u2019appels.\u00a0C\u2019\u00e9tait\u00a0l\u2019innovation\u00a0d\u2019usage\u00a0et de\u00a0trafic\u00a0avant tout \u2013 il\u00a0fallait\u00a0tenir\u00a0la charge. \u00bb<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019enjeu\u00a0technique est\u00a0pos\u00e9\u00a0d\u00e8s\u00a0le\u00a0d\u00e9part\u00a0: il ne\u00a0suffit\u00a0pas\u00a0d\u2019avoir\u00a0une\u00a0bonne id\u00e9e, il faut\u00a0une\u00a0infrastructure capable\u00a0d\u2019absorber\u00a0des pics\u00a0colossaux. Une obsession qui\u00a0traversera\u00a0toute\u00a0l\u2019histoire\u00a0d\u2019Odigo.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1986\u20131988 :\u00a0SJT,\u00a0Hersant\u00a0et la\u00a0bataille\u00a0pour TMS\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En 1986,\u00a0quand\u00a0la DGT\u00a0d\u00e9cide\u00a0de se\u00a0d\u00e9sengager\u00a0de TMS, la situation est\u00a0claire\u00a0: Alain Bernard et Didier\u00a0Dupraz, les deux\u00a0fondateurs\u00a0ing\u00e9nieurs,\u00a0passent\u00a0\u00ab avec armes et\u00a0bagages\u00a0\u00bb au service du\u00a0groupe\u00a0Hersant, via la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 du Journal\u00a0T\u00e9l\u00e9phon\u00e9\u00a0(SJT). Le choix de\u00a0Hersant\u00a0n\u2019est\u00a0pas\u00a0anodin\u00a0: le\u00a0groupe\u00a0est propri\u00e9taire de Paris Turf, et\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment\u00a0le service\u00a0d\u2019information\u00a0sur les courses\u00a0hippiques\u00a0qui\u00a0constitue\u00a0le\u00a0moteur\u00a0financier de TMS.\u00a0L\u2019alliance\u00a0unit un\u00a0groupe\u00a0de\u00a0presse\u00a0disposant\u00a0d\u00e9j\u00e0 des\u00a0contenus\u00a0porteurs\u00a0et un\u00a0acteur\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9com\u00a0ma\u00eetrisant\u00a0l\u2019infrastructure.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019alliance\u00a0avec\u00a0Hersant\u00a0n\u2019est\u00a0pas\u00a0anodine. La\u00a0r\u00e9glementation\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9poque\u00a0impose aux services\u00a0vocaux\u00a0de\u00a0d\u00e9tenir\u00a0un\u00a0num\u00e9ro\u00a0de commission\u00a0paritaire\u00a0\u2013\u00a0celui\u00a0de la\u00a0presse\u00a0\u2013 pour diffuser des\u00a0informations. En\u00a0unissant\u00a0un\u00a0acteur\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9com\u00a0et un\u00a0groupe\u00a0de\u00a0presse, SJT\u00a0contourne\u00a0habilement\u00a0cette\u00a0contrainte\u00a0et\u00a0s\u2019assure\u00a0une\u00a0l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9\u00a0\u00e9ditoriale.\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0d\u2019ailleurs\u00a0cette\u00a0logique\u00a0qui\u00a0donnera\u00a0naissance au \u00ab Journal du\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\u00a0\u00bb, un\u00a0trimestriel\u00a0lanc\u00e9\u00a0en\u00a01988.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En deux\u00a0ans, les\u00a0r\u00e9sultats\u00a0sont\u00a0spectaculaires. En\u00a0juin\u00a01988, Le Monde\u00a0d\u00e9crit\u00a0la SJT\u00a0comme\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0num\u00e9ro\u00a0un sur le\u00a0march\u00e9\u00a0du\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique\u00a0\u00bb, avec 35 \u00e0 40\u202f% de parts de\u00a0march\u00e9, sur un\u00a0secteur\u00a0qui\u00a0draine\u00a0alors\u00a0quelque\u00a0vingt\u00a0millions\u00a0d\u2019appels\u00a0par\u00a0mois. Les\u00a0r\u00e9pondeurs\u00a0\u00e9rotiques\u00a0\u2013\u00a0pudiquement\u00a0appel\u00e9s\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0messageries\u00a0conviviales\u00a0\u00bb \u2013\u00a0repr\u00e9sentent\u00a0une\u00a0part non\u00a0n\u00e9gligeable\u00a0du chiffre\u00a0d\u2019affaires, au point\u00a0que\u00a0le journal\u00a0\u00e9voque\u00a0les \u00ab\u00a0vellit\u00e9s\u00a0moralisatrices\u00a0\u00bb du\u00a0ministre\u00a0des PTT.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La\u00a0p\u00e9riode\u00a0n\u2019est\u00a0pas sans turbulences\u00a0judiciaires. La F\u00e9d\u00e9ration\u00a0nationale\u00a0des radios\u00a0r\u00e9pondeurs\u00a0(FN2R)\u00a0d\u00e9pose\u00a0plainte\u00a0contre\u00a0Alain Bernard et Didier\u00a0Dupraz, les accusant\u00a0d\u2019avoir\u00a0enfreint\u00a0l\u2019article\u00a0175 du code\u00a0p\u00e9nal\u00a0\u2013\u00a0celui\u00a0qui\u00a0interdit\u00a0\u00e0 un fonctionnaire de\u00a0rejoindre\u00a0une\u00a0entreprise\u00a0priv\u00e9e\u00a0avec\u00a0laquelle\u00a0il a\u00a0contract\u00e9\u00a0dans\u00a0l\u2019exercice\u00a0de\u00a0ses\u00a0fonctions. Un non-lieu est\u00a0prononc\u00e9\u00a0le 3\u00a0janvier\u00a01992, apr\u00e8s\u00a0une\u00a0proc\u00e9dure\u00a0ouverte\u00a0en\u00a01988 sur transmission de la Cour des\u00a0comptes.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1990\u20131992 :\u00a0114\u00a0millions\u00a0de francs et la guerre de la\u00a0m\u00e9t\u00e9o\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Au\u00a0tournant\u00a0des\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a01990, la SJT est\u00a0devenue\u00a0une\u00a0machine \u00e0 cash. Son chiffre d\u2019affaires\u00a0atteint\u00a0114,7\u00a0millions\u00a0de francs\u00a0en\u00a01990,\u00a0confirm\u00e9\u00a0par la\u00a0d\u00e9cision\u00a0du Conseil de la concurrence de 1992. En\u00a0janvier\u00a01991,\u00a0elle\u00a0lance un nouveau\u00a0service :\u00a0l\u2019information\u00a0m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique\u00a0vocale.\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0le d\u00e9but d\u2019un\u00a0conflit\u00a0retentissant\u00a0avec la Direction de la\u00a0M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie\u00a0nationale\u00a0(DMN).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00e8s\u00a0juillet\u00a01988, la SJT\u00a0avait\u00a0sollicit\u00e9\u00a0la DMN pour\u00a0acc\u00e9der\u00a0aux codes\u00a0m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques\u00a0normalis\u00e9s\u00a0\u2013 SYNOP, METAR, TAF \u2013\u00a0afin\u00a0de\u00a0cr\u00e9er\u00a0des bulletins\u00a0vocaux\u00a0automatiques. La DMN\u00a0avait\u00a0tent\u00e9\u00a0d\u2019imposer\u00a0une\u00a0convention\u00a0draconienne\u00a0: interdiction\u00a0d\u2019exploitation\u00a0commerciale\u00a0pendant dix ans.\u00a0Puis,\u00a0en\u00a0mai\u00a01989,\u00a0elle\u00a0coupe court \u00e0 toute collaboration\u00a0en\u00a0lan\u00e7ant\u00a0elle-m\u00eame\u00a0son propre service concurrent, \u00ab\u00a0All\u00f4\u00a0M\u00e9t\u00e9o\u00a0\u00bb, sur le\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La situation est\u00a0absurde\u00a0: la DMN\u00a0d\u00e9tient\u00a097\u202f% du\u00a0march\u00e9\u00a0national de\u00a0l\u2019information\u00a0m\u00e9t\u00e9orologique\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phon\u00e9e, avec 40\u00a0millions\u00a0d\u2019appels\u00a0par\u00a0an\u00a0contre\u00a01,2 million pour la SJT. Les donn\u00e9es\u00a0a\u00e9ronautiques\u00a0(TAF, METAR),\u00a0financ\u00e9es\u00a0par des\u00a0redevances\u00a0pay\u00e9es\u00a0par les compagnies\u00a0a\u00e9riennes, ne\u00a0peuvent\u00a0pas\u00a0\u00eatre\u00a0rediffus\u00e9es\u00a0au grand public sans\u00a0risquer\u00a0de\u00a0cr\u00e9er\u00a0des confusions de\u00a0responsabilit\u00e9\u00a0potentiellement\u00a0dangereuses. Le Conseil de la concurrence tranche\u00a0en\u00a01992 :\u00a0pas\u00a0d\u2019abus\u00a0de position\u00a0dominante, la DMN\u00a0\u00e9tait\u00a0dans son droit.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La SJT se\u00a0retourne\u00a0alors\u00a0vers\u00a0M\u00e9t\u00e9o\u00a0Consult (soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0priv\u00e9e\u00a0commercialisant\u00a0des donn\u00e9es sous la marque\u00a0M\u00e9t\u00e9oconsult) pour\u00a0ses\u00a0informations\u00a0m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques. Un\u00a0\u00e9pisode\u00a0qui\u00a0illustre\u00a0une\u00a0constante\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019histoire\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019entreprise\u00a0:\u00a0l\u2019innovation\u00a0n\u2019est\u00a0pas\u00a0seulement\u00a0technique,\u00a0elle\u00a0implique\u00a0aussi\u00a0de\u00a0construire\u00a0des cadres de\u00a0confiance, de\u00a0n\u00e9gocier\u00a0l\u2019acc\u00e8s\u00a0aux donn\u00e9es et de\u00a0naviguer\u00a0dans un\u00a0\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me\u00a0r\u00e9glementaire\u00a0complexe.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1992\u20131997 :\u00a0M\u00e9diaprogr\u00e8s, Lyon et la consolidation\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En 1992, la SJT\u00a0proc\u00e8de\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0une\u00a0acquisition\u00a0structurante\u00a0:\u00a0elle\u00a0rach\u00e8te\u00a0la\u00a0majorit\u00e9\u00a0des actions de\u00a0M\u00e9diaprogr\u00e8s,\u00a0filiale\u00a0du\u00a0groupe\u00a0Progr\u00e8s\u00a0(Lyon)\u00a0sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e\u00a0dans les\u00a0contenus\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9matiques\u00a0et\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques.\u00a0M\u00e9diaprogr\u00e8s\u00a0avait\u00a0\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0cr\u00e9\u00e9e\u00a0d\u00e8s\u00a0le 31\u00a0ao\u00fbt\u00a01984 \u2013 la\u00a0m\u00eame\u00a0ann\u00e9e\u00a0que\u00a0Geny\u00a0Courses \u2013 et son chiffre d\u2019affaires\u00a0atteindra\u00a048\u00a0millions\u00a0de francs\u00a0en\u00a01998. Cette acquisition\u00a0ancre\u00a0la SJT dans\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me\u00a0presse\u00a0r\u00e9gionale\u00a0et\u00a0\u00e9largit\u00a0son\u00a0portefeuille\u00a0de codes\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9matiques.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ces\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a0voient\u00a0\u00e9galement\u00a0la SJT pivoter vers les\u00a0entreprises. Passage du\u00a0contenu\u00a0grand public \u00e0 des services \u00e0 haute\u00a0valeur\u00a0:\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9conf\u00e9rence,\u00a0puis\u00a0serveurs\u00a0vocaux\u00a0bancaires.\u00a0L\u2019enjeu\u00a0technique est\u00a0d\u2019industrialiser\u00a0une\u00a0architecture\u00a0robuste\u00a0\u2013\u00a0dissocier\u00a0le\u00a0traitement\u00a0et la restitution\u00a0vocale\u00a0\u2013\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0o\u00f9\u00a0les solutions\u00a0concurrentes\u00a0s\u2019effondrent\u00a0pass\u00e9\u00a0vingt\u00a0lignes\u00a0simultan\u00e9es. La SJT\u00a0d\u00e9veloppe\u00a0des\u00a0cartes\u00a0vocales\u00a0sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es\u00a0capables\u00a0de\u00a0g\u00e9rer\u00a0des volumes massifs\u00a0d\u2019appels\u00a0en\u00a0temps\u00a0r\u00e9el\u00a0\u2013 y\u00a0compris\u00a0pour des\u00a0op\u00e9rations\u00a0bancaires\u00a0n\u00e9cessitant\u00a0l\u2019extraction\u00a0s\u00e9curis\u00e9e\u00a0de donn\u00e9es.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1997\u20131998 :\u00a0LBO, introduction\u00a0en\u00a0bourse et naissance de\u00a0Prosodie\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En\u00a0octobre\u00a01997, Le Monde\u00a0annonce\u00a0la cession par\u00a0Socpresse\u00a0\u2013 le\u00a0groupe\u00a0Hersant\u00a0\u2013 de\u00a0ses\u00a0parts dans la SJT \u00e0 Alain Bernard. Les\u00a0\u00c9chos\u00a0\u00e9voquaient\u00a0alors\u00a0un\u00a0montant\u00a0avoisinant\u00a0les 200\u00a0millions\u00a0de francs.\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0un\u00a0LBO :\u00a0l\u2019entrepreneur\u00a0rach\u00e8te\u00a0son propre\u00a0outil\u00a0de travail par\u00a0endettement,\u00a0prend\u00a0le\u00a0contr\u00f4le\u00a0total et\u00a0pr\u00e9pare\u00a0la\u00a0prochaine\u00a0\u00e9tape.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1998, la SJT change de nom et\u00a0devient\u00a0Prosodie. Le nom\u00a0\u00e9tait\u00a0d\u00e9j\u00e0\u00a0celui\u00a0d\u2019une\u00a0filiale\u00a0informatique\u00a0interne, il\u00a0sonnait\u00a0bien, et\u00a0sa\u00a0disponibilit\u00e9\u00a0juridique\u00a0\u00e9tait\u00a0confirm\u00e9e. La\u00a0m\u00eame\u00a0ann\u00e9e,\u00a0Prosodie\u00a0entre\u00a0en\u00a0bourse.\u00a0L\u2019entreprise\u00a0passe d\u2019un\u00a0acteur\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019information\u00a0vocale\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0une\u00a0soci\u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0cot\u00e9e,\u00a0structur\u00e9e\u00a0pour\u00a0croitre\u00a0et\u00a0s\u2019internationaliser.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Le\u00a0meilleur\u00a0souvenir ?\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0de me\u00a0retrouver\u00a0dans\u00a0une\u00a0introduction\u00a0en\u00a0bourse. Le\u00a0reste, dans\u00a0l\u2019ensemble,\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0de bons souvenirs.\u00a0J\u2019avais\u00a0une\u00a0\u00e9quipe qui\u00a0faisait\u00a0des choses\u00a0sympas, sans trop de pression de fonds\u00a0d\u2019investissement. \u00bb<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019IA avant\u00a0l\u2019heure\u00a0: du \u00ab Docteur Genius \u00bb \u00e0 la RVAO\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ce qui frappe dans le\u00a0r\u00e9cit\u00a0d\u2019Alain\u00a0Bernard,\u00a0c\u2019est\u00a0que\u00a0l\u2019intelligence\u00a0artificielle\u00a0arrive bien plus\u00a0t\u00f4t\u00a0qu\u2019on\u00a0ne le\u00a0croit\u00a0dans\u00a0l\u2019histoire\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019entreprise. Il\u00a0\u00e9voque\u00a0avec amusement le\u00a0projet\u00a0\u00ab Docteur Genius\u00a0\u00bb :\u00a0l\u2019id\u00e9e\u00a0d\u2019un\u00a0syst\u00e8me\u00a0qui\u00a0aurait\u00a0pos\u00e9\u00a0des questions aux enfants pour dresser\u00a0leur\u00a0portrait\u00a0psychologique,\u00a0en\u00a0s\u2019appuyant\u00a0sur des\u00a0statistiques\u00a0comportementales\u00a0par tranche\u00a0d\u2019\u00e2ge. Une intuition\u00a0pr\u00e9coce,\u00a0rest\u00e9e\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9tat\u00a0de concept.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab Je\u00a0trouvais\u00a0\u00e7a\u00a0malsain. On\u00a0\u00e9tait\u00a0en\u00a0train de\u00a0jouer\u00a0avec les enfants. Je ne\u00a0l\u2019ai\u00a0pas\u00a0commercialis\u00e9. \u00bb<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La RVAO \u2013 Reconnaissance\u00a0Vocale\u00a0Automatique\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019Oral\u00a0\u2013 est\u00a0\u00e9galement\u00a0explor\u00e9e\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0cette\u00a0p\u00e9riode,\u00a0comme\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0anc\u00eatre\u00a0\u00bb de\u00a0ce\u00a0qui\u00a0devient\u00a0aujourd\u2019hui\u00a0le\u00a0traitement\u00a0du\u00a0langage\u00a0naturel.\u00a0Prosodie\u00a0est\u00a0ainsi, \u00e0 bien des\u00a0\u00e9gards, un\u00a0laboratoire\u00a0des technologies de relation client qui\u00a0s\u2019\u00e9panouiront\u00a0vingt\u00a0ans\u00a0plus tard sous le nom\u00a0d\u2019Odigo. La\u00a0technologie\u00a0de\u00a0prononciation\u00a0automatique\u00a0d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e\u00a0d\u00e8s\u00a0les\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a01990 \u2013 capable de transformer des donn\u00e9es\u00a0cod\u00e9es\u00a0en\u00a0messages\u00a0vocaux\u00a0\u2013 est la\u00a0pr\u00e9figuration\u00a0directe\u00a0des\u00a0serveurs\u00a0vocaux\u00a0interactifs\u00a0d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2007 et\u00a0apr\u00e8s :\u00a0une\u00a0transmission, de nouveaux horizons\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Alain Bernard\u00a0quitte\u00a0Prosodie\u00a0en\u00a0janvier\u00a02007.\u00a0L\u2019entreprise\u00a0poursuit\u00a0sa\u00a0trajectoire\u00a0sous\u00a0d\u2019autres\u00a0noms,\u00a0d\u2019autres\u00a0capitaux\u00a0\u2013\u00a0rachet\u00e9e\u00a0par Capgemini,\u00a0elle\u00a0devient\u00a0Odigo,\u00a0l\u2019un\u00a0des\u00a0acteurs\u00a0de\u00a0r\u00e9f\u00e9rence\u00a0du\u00a0CCaaS\u00a0(Contact Center as a Service)\u00a0en\u00a0Europe, proposant des\u00a0plateformes\u00a0cloud\u00a0multicanal\u00a0pour la gestion des interactions clients.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lui,\u00a0depuis, a\u00a0renou\u00e9\u00a0avec\u00a0ses\u00a0premi\u00e8res\u00a0amours :\u00a0l\u2019a\u00e9ronautique. Il\u00a0travaille\u00a0sur un\u00a0projet\u00a0de\u00a0dirigeable\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0hydrog\u00e8ne,\u00a0une\u00a0machine capable de transporter des containers sur de longues distances de mani\u00e8re\u00a0autonome\u00a0et\u00a0d\u00e9carbon\u00e9e. Le\u00a0principe\u00a0:\u00a0une\u00a0enveloppe\u00a0gonfl\u00e9e\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0l\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne\u00a0dont\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9vaporation\u00a0contr\u00f4l\u00e9e\u00a0alimente\u00a0les\u00a0turbopropulseurs. Horizon 2028 pour\u00a0une\u00a0premi\u00e8re\u00a0d\u00e9monstration\u00a0au sol.\u00a0L\u2019ing\u00e9nieur\u00a0et\u00a0l\u2019entrepreneur\u00a0n\u2019ont\u00a0pas\u00a0dit\u00a0leur\u00a0dernier mot.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce\u00a0qu\u2019Odigo\u00a0doit \u00e0\u00a0ses\u00a0origines\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quarante\u00a0ans\u00a0apr\u00e8s\u00a0les premiers\u00a0appels\u00a0sur\u00a0Geny\u00a0Courses,\u00a0qu\u2019est-ce\u00a0qui\u00a0reste\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019ADN\u00a0fondateur\u00a0dans\u00a0Odigo\u00a0? Trois\u00a0choses,\u00a0essentiellement.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u2019abord,\u00a0l\u2019innovation\u00a0d\u2019usage\u00a0:\u00a0d\u00e8s\u00a01984, il ne\u00a0s\u2019agissait\u00a0pas de\u00a0vendre\u00a0de la\u00a0technologie\u00a0pour la\u00a0technologie,\u00a0mais\u00a0de\u00a0rendre\u00a0le\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phone\u00a0interactif, utile, accessible \u00e0\u00a0tous. Cette orientation vers\u00a0l\u2019exp\u00e9rience\u00a0utilisateur\u00a0reste\u00a0la marque de\u00a0fabrique\u00a0d\u2019Odigo.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ensuite,\u00a0l\u2019innovation\u00a0de\u00a0mod\u00e8le\u00a0\u00e9conomique :\u00a0inventer\u00a0la\u00a0surtaxation, le\u00a0reversement\u00a0aux\u00a0cr\u00e9ateurs\u00a0de\u00a0contenus,\u00a0puis\u00a0les abonnements cloud \u2013\u00a0chaque\u00a0g\u00e9n\u00e9ration\u00a0technologique\u00a0a\u00a0impliqu\u00e9\u00a0de\u00a0repenser\u00a0la fa\u00e7on de\u00a0cr\u00e9er\u00a0et de\u00a0partager\u00a0la\u00a0valeur.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enfin,\u00a0l\u2019innovation\u00a0d\u2019infrastructure\u00a0: de\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9lectrom\u00e9canique\u00a0aux\u00a0cartes\u00a0vocales\u00a0sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es,\u00a0puis\u00a0au cloud\u00a0distribu\u00e9\u00a0\u2013 la\u00a0capacit\u00e9\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0tenir\u00a0la charge sous des volumes massifs\u00a0d\u2019interactions\u00a0est\u00a0inscrite\u00a0dans les\u00a0g\u00e8nes\u00a0de\u00a0l\u2019entreprise\u00a0depuis\u00a0le P\u00e8re No\u00ebl et\u00a0ses\u00a0dix millions\u00a0d\u2019appels.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Alain Bernard\u00a0conclut\u00a0l\u2019entretien\u00a0avec\u00a0une\u00a0formule\u00a0qui\u00a0r\u00e9sume\u00a0bien\u00a0sa\u00a0philosophie\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Chercher\u00a0ce\u00a0qui\u00a0n\u2019existe\u00a0pas\u00a0encore,\u00a0\u00eatre\u00a0le seul sur un\u00a0cr\u00e9neau, et transformer\u00a0une\u00a0contrainte\u00a0technique\u00a0en\u00a0opportunit\u00e9\u00a0business. \u00bb En\u00a0quarante\u00a0ans, la\u00a0contrainte\u00a0a\u00a0chang\u00e9\u00a0\u2014 de\u00a0bande\u00a0passante, de\u00a0r\u00e9gulation, de capital, de puissance de\u00a0calcul. La\u00a0m\u00e9thode,\u00a0elle, est\u00a0rest\u00e9e\u00a0la\u00a0m\u00eame.<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sources\u00a0utilis\u00e9es<\/strong>\u00a0
\u2014 Entretien avec Alain\u00a0Bernard :\u00a0janvier\u00a02026\u00a0\u00a0
\u2014 Le Monde\u00a0archives :\u00a09\u00a0juillet\u00a01986 ;\u00a022\u00a0juin\u00a01988 ;\u00a022\u00a0octobre\u00a01997\u00a0
\u2014 Conseil de la concurrence,\u00a0d\u00e9cision\u00a0n\u00b092-D-35 du 13\u00a0mai\u00a01992 (SJT c. Direction de la\u00a0M\u00e9t\u00e9orologie\u00a0nationale)\u00a0
\u2014 Conseil de la concurrence,\u00a0d\u00e9cision\u00a0n\u00b005-D-42 du 19\u00a0juillet\u00a02005 (France\u00a0T\u00e9l\u00e9com\u00a0\/\u00a0M\u00e9diaprogr\u00e8s)\u00a0
\u2014 Question\u00a0\u00e9crite\u00a0Assembl\u00e9e\u00a0nationale\u00a0n\u00b061872,\u00a0publi\u00e9e\u00a0le 21\u00a0septembre\u00a01992\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1011490,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"tags":[196],"statut":[269],"class_list":["post-200847","entretien","type-entretien","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-mise-en-avant","statut-fondateur"],"acf":{"mois":"20260313","poste":"Fondateur \u00b7 SJT, TMS, Prosodie \u00b7 1984\u20132007","temps_de_lecture":10,"citation_entretien":"\u00ab Nous avons invent\u00e9 le kiosque t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique. Le reste a suivi. \u00bb"},"yoast_head":"\nAlain Bernard, fondateur d'Odigo - Odigo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Alain Bernard, fondateur d'Odigo - Odigo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00ab Nous\u00a0avons\u00a0invent\u00e9\u00a0le\u00a0kiosque\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique. Le\u00a0reste\u00a0a\u00a0suivi. \u00bb\u00a0 Quarante\u00a0ans.\u00a0C\u2019est\u00a0le chemin\u00a0parcouru\u00a0par\u00a0Odigo, de\u00a0ses\u00a0origines\u00a0dans les\u00a0kiosques\u00a0t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques\u00a0des\u00a0ann\u00e9es\u00a01980\u00a0jusqu\u2019aux\u00a0plateformes\u00a0de relation client\u00a0aliment\u00e9es\u00a0par\u00a0l\u2019intelligence\u00a0artificielle\u00a0d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui. 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